Just in case you didn’t know, this post from Today I Found Out provides the origins of the names of Australia’s states and territories, along with their capitals.
I don’t know if they teach Australian geography and history in schools anymore.
Now, if you search around the internet you might find out that the list might not be absolutely complete.
But what is there sounds correct to me.
Including the useful fact that you don’t pronounce Brisbane ‘Brisbane’, and the slightly disappointing fact that Melbourne could have had the much, much cooler name ‘Batmania’.