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Westminster Shorter Catechism – Lord’s Day 10

Q & A 17
Q Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?
A The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.*1

Q & A 18
Q Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?
A The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consists in the guilt of Adam’s first sin,*2 the want of original righteousness,*3 and the corruption of his whole nature,*4 which is commonly called original sin; together with all actual transgressions which proceed from it.*5

Q & A 19
Q What is the misery of that estate whereinto man fell?
A All mankind by their fall lost communion with God,*6 are under his wrath*7 and curse,*8 and so made liable to all the miseries of this life,*9 to death*10 itself, and to the pains of hell forever.*11

*1 Genesis 3:16-19, 23; Romans 5:12; Ephesians 2:1.
*2 Romans 5:12, 19.
*3 Romans 3:10; Ephesians 4:24.
*4 Psalm 51:5; John 3:6; Romans 3:18; Romans 8:7-8; Ephesians 2:3.
*5 Genesis 6:5; Psalm 53:1-3; Matthew 15:19; Romans 3:10-18, 23; Galatians 5:19-21; James 1:14-15.
*6 Genesis 3:8, 24; John 8:34, 42, 44; Ephesians 2:12; Ephesians 4:18.
*7 John 3:36; Romans 1:18; Ephesians 2:3; Ephesians 5:6.
*8 Galatians 3:10; Revelation 22:3.
*9 Genesis 3:16-19; Job 5:7; Ecclesiastes 2:22-23; Romans 8:18-23.
*10 Ezekiel 18:4; Romans 5:12; Romans 6:23.
*11 Matthew 25:41, 46; 2 Thessalonians 1:9; Revelation 14:9-11.